3. Graph Connectivity With Threshold

We have n cities labeled from 1 to n. Two different cities with labels x and y are directly connected by a bidirectional road if and only if x and y share a common divisor strictly greater than some threshold. More formally, cities with labels x and y have a road between them if there exists an integer z such that all of the following are true:

• x % z == 0,

• y % z == 0, and

• z > threshold.

Given the two integers, n and threshold, and an array of queries, you must determine for each queries[i] = [ai, bi] if cities ai and bi are connected directly or indirectly. (i.e. there is some path between them).

Return an array answer, where answer.length == queries.length and answer[i] is true if for the ith query, there is a path between ai and bi, or answer[i] is false if there is no path.

Example 1:

Input: n = 6, threshold = 2, queries = [[1,4],[2,5],[3,6]]
Output: [false,false,true]
Explanation: The divisors for each number:
1:   1
2:   1, 2
3:   1, 3
4:   1, 2, 4
5:   1, 5
6:   1, 2, 3, 6
Using the underlined divisors above the threshold, only cities 3 and 6 share a common divisor, so they are the
only ones directly connected. The result of each query:
[1,4]   1 is not connected to 4
[2,5]   2 is not connected to 5
[3,6]   3 is connected to 6 through path 3--6

Example 2:

Input: n = 6, threshold = 0, queries = [[4,5],[3,4],[3,2],[2,6],[1,3]]
Output: [true,true,true,true,true]
Explanation: The divisors for each number are the same as the previous example. However, since the threshold is 0,
all divisors can be used. Since all numbers share 1 as a divisor, all cities are connected.

Example 3:

Input: n = 5, threshold = 1, queries = [[4,5],[4,5],[3,2],[2,3],[3,4]]
Output: [false,false,false,false,false]
Explanation: Only cities 2 and 4 share a common divisor 2 which is strictly greater than the threshold 1, so they are the only ones directly connected.
Please notice that there can be multiple queries for the same pair of nodes [x, y], and that the query [x, y] is equivalent to the query [y, x].

Solution:(Union Find)

Approach: Build the graph and use union find to answer queries DFS can be used but time complexity is high

class Solution
{
public:
    int find(vector<int> &v, int node)
    {
        if (v[node] == -1)
        {
            return node;
        }

        v[node] = find(v, v[node]);
        return v[node];
    }

    void uni(vector<int> &v, vector<int> &rank, int parA, int parB)
    {

        if (parA != parB)
        {
            if (rank[parA] > rank[parB])
            {
                v[parB] = parA;
            }
            else if (rank[parB] > rank[parA])
            {
                v[parA] = parB;
            }
            else
            {
                v[parA] = parB;
                rank[parB]++;
            }
        }
        return;
    }

    vector<bool> areConnected(int n, int threshold, vector<vector<int>> &queries)
    {
        vector<int> v(n + 1, -1);
        vector<int> rank(n + 1, 0);

        vector<bool> res;

        for (int i = threshold + 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            for (int j = i + i; j <= n; j += i)
            {

                int na = i;
                int nb = j;

                int parA = find(v, na);
                int parB = find(v, nb);

                if (parA != parB)
                {
                    uni(v, rank, parA, parB);
                }
            }
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < queries.size(); i++)
        {
            int a = queries[i][0];
            int b = queries[i][1];

            int parA = find(v, a);
            int parB = find(v, b);

            if (parA == parB)
            {
                res.push_back(true);
            }
            else
            {
                res.push_back(false);
            }
        }

        return res;
    }
};